Autism is a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. For a diagnosis of autism to be made, onset of symptoms must occur before a child is three years old.
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High RDW
High RDW
Iron Deficiency Anemia: high RDW with low MCV
Folate and vitamin B12 deficiency anemia: High RDW with High MCV
Recent Hemmorrhage: High RDW with Normal MCV
C-KIT and GIST
Interestingly, tumors with mutations in exon 11 of c-Kit's juxtamembrane region are particularly sensitive to imatinib, whereas those with exon 9 mutations (extracellular domain) respond better to sunitinib than imatinib. In the future, primary therapy for GIST may be determined by the specific molecular defect in c-Kit.
Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition
Natazia
WAYNE, N.J., March 14, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc. today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a new indication for Natazia (estradiol valerate and estradiol valerate/dienogest) tablets for the treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) that is not caused by any diagnosed conditions of the uterus (womb), in women who choose an oral contraceptive (OC) for contraception. With this approval, Natazia is the first and only oral contraceptive indicated for the treatment of HMB.
For complete Article : Click Here (ref : drugs.com)
For complete Article : Click Here (ref : drugs.com)
World Health Day in 2012
Ageing and health: Good health adds life to years
The topic of World Health Day in 2012 is Ageing and health with the theme "Good health adds life to years". The focus is how good health throughout life can help older men and women lead full and productive lives and be a resource for their families and communities. Ageing concerns each and every one of us – whether young or old, male or female, rich or poor – no matter where we live.
Source : http://www.who.int/world-health-day/en/
Autopsy : SPINAL CORD ( AIIMS May 2011)
Most commonly used approach : Anterior
BEST approach to examine Spinal Cord: Posterior
Which approaches are used to open : Anterior, Posterior & Antero- lateral
Orthopnnea in heart failure
Orthopnnea in heart failure develops due to :
a. reservoir function of pulmonary veins
b. reservoir function of leg veins
c. reservoir function of pulmonary artery
d. reservoir function of leg arteries
a. reservoir function of pulmonary veins
b. reservoir function of leg veins
c. reservoir function of pulmonary artery
d. reservoir function of leg arteries
ANSWER:
a. reservoir function of pulmonary veins
ALT and AST
ALT is found predominately in the liver, with lesser quantities found in the kidneys, heart, and skeletal muscle.
As a result, the ALT is a more specific indicator of liver inflammation than the AST, as the AST may also be elevated in diseases affecting other organs, such as the heart or muscles. The AST is also elevated after a myocardial infarction, and during acute pancreatitis, acute hemolytic anemia, severe burns, acute renal disease, musculoskeletal diseases, and trauma.
Source : http://www.rnceus.com/lf/lfast.html
Two Effects of efferent arteriolar constriction on GFR
Effects of efferent arteriolar constriction on GFR
• efferent arteriolar constriction —> increased resistance to outflow from glomeruli:
i) —> increased glomerular pressure —> increased GFR
ii)—> decreased RBF —> increased glomerular COP —> decreased GFR