Hypoglycemia in Infants

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Hypoglycemia in Infants

Blood sugar : <40mg/dl

Causes

1. Inadequate feeding
2. Inadequate stores (Preterm , IUGR)
3. Sepsis
4. Galactosemia
5. Polycythemia
6. HyperInsulin (Infant of diabetic mother) 

Pedersen Hypothesis :

In Maternal diabetes - high glucose passes to fetus - Thus fetus' Beta cell undergo hyperplasia and increases Insulin.

Thus tell mother to do frequent feeding and we have to do frequent monitoring.

Treatment :
IV dextrose - Start with glucose infusion 3-5mg/kg/min
or
IM Glucagon (short term measure to tide over hypoglycemia)

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Note:

• Peripheral Vein : till 12.5% glucose can be given. 
• Central Vein (Umblical vein) : if >12.5% glucose to be given.

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