Posterior acoustic shadowing and enhancement

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Posterior enhancement seen posterior to fluid filled cyst.

Posterior shadowing seen posterior to calculus at PelviUretric Junction

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MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel

Medical One liners 201 - 210

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201. Most common site of  iatrogenic esophageal perforation is Cricopharynx ( as its the narrowest part of GIT , with exception of vermiform appendix )

202. Important 25 cm structures :

• Oesophagus
• Duodenum
• Thoracic duct
• Ureter.

203. Accordion sign is seen with pseudomembranous colitis.

204. Most commonly symptomatic Plica is Medial Patellar plica.
Plica is embryological remnant of synovial membrane at patello-femoral joint.

205. The commonest cause of anterior knee pain is softening of the cartilage on the underside of the patella = Chondromalacia patella = Patellofemoral syndrome.

206. Most common congenital anomaly of urinary tract is Duplex collecting system.

207. Central dot sign is seen in Caroli disease.

208. The bear's paw sign is seen in xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.

209. Coins in the oesophagus are oriented in the coronal plane whereas coins in the trachea are oriented sagittally.

210. Portomesenteric vein gas is most commonly caused by mesenteric ischemia.

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MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel

Urachal anomalies

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MCQ 151

Q. Which of the following urachal anomalies is usually associated with urethral obstruction ?

a. Patent urachus

b. Urachal cyst

c. Urachal sinus

d. Urachal diverticulum

ANSWER:

Answer : A

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MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel

Base of the 5th metatarsal

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Fractures and normal variants to remember at base of the 5th metatarsal :

Fractures -

1. Jones fracture
2. Stress fracture
3. Avulsion fracture 

Non-fracture mimics -

1. Normal apophysis of the proximal 5th metatarsal 
2. Os peroneum

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MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel

Suspicious malignant breast mass shape

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MCQ 150

Q. Which of the following is suspicious malignant breast mass shape ?

a. taller than wider

b. wider than taller

c. elliptical

d. round

ANSWER:

Answer : A

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MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel

Infrarenal IVC development variation

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MCQ 149

Q. In a person with infrarenal IVC developing from subcardinal vein, which of the following will be seen ?

a. Duplex collecting system

b. Aberrant renal artery

c. Supernumerary kidney

d. Retrocaval ureter

ANSWER:

Answer: D - RetroCaval Ureter. Normally the infrarenal IVC develops from supracardinal vein. In case it develops from subcardinal vein , then we see what is known as RETRO-CAVAL Ureter.

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MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel

Todani classification

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MCQ 148

Q. Caroli's disease is considered under which type of cysts in Todani's classification ?

a. Type 2

b. Type 3

c. Type 4

d. Type 5

ANSWER:

Answer : D - Type 5

Todani classification of bile duct cysts
Type 1 : true choledochal cyst (involving extrahepatic bile duct)
Type 2 : bile duct diverticulum
Type 3 : choledochocele
Type 4 : intra & extra-hepatic duct cysts
Type 5 : intra-hepatic duct cysts. (Caroli disease)

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MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel

Testicular torsion - arterial occlusion

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MCQ 147

Q. Testicular Torsion of at least ______ degrees is necessary for complete arterial occlusion ?

a. 180

b. 360

c. 540

d. 720

ANSWER:

Ans : C - 540 degrees

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MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel