Energy sources

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Energy sources

Well fed state :

• Glucose - for brain, liver and muscle
• Fatty acid - for heart

Fasting state :

• Glucose - for brain
• Fatty acid - for heart, liver and muscle

Starvation :

• Ketones - for Heart and brain
• Amino acid - for liver
• Fatty acid - for muscle

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MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel

Medical One Liners 281 - 290

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281. Nucleus ambiguus - cranial nerves IX, X and XI.

282. Black pleural sign - Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis

283. Nernst potential across cell membrane :

• for K+ ion is -90 mV
• for Na+ ion is +60 mV
• for Cl- ion is -70 mV

284. Small cell Ca of lung is most common variety of lung cancer associated with paraneoplastic syndrome.

285. Meissner and Pacinian corpuscles - rapidly adapting (phasic) receptors.
        Merkel cells and Ruffini endings - slowly adapting (tonic) receptors.

286. Abdominal cocoon = Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis.

287. Apple core sign - on barium studies of circumferential growth in colon cancers.

288. Celery stalk metaphysis - in osteopathia striata , and congenital rubella.
        Celery stalk sign - in ACL mucoid degeneration.

289. Champagne glass pelvis - in Achondroplasia

290. Coffee bean sign - sigmoid volvulus.

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MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel

Banana

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• Banana Sign :  shape of cerebellum in cases of Arnold chiari II malformation.

• Banana shaped Left ventricle - seen in HOCM (hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy)

• Banana fracture - Paget disease

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MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel

Medical One Liners 271 - 280

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271. Gluteus 

• maximus: inferior gluteal nerve
• medius and minimus: superior gluteal nerve

272. Piriformis - lateral rotator of thigh

273. Short head of biceps and coracobrachialis originate from tip of coracoid process.

274. Positive benzidine test in : Hemoglobin and Myoglobin

275. Drug that increases QT interval - Amiodarone, Ebastine, Sotatol

276. SIADH is euvolemic hypoosmolality with increased Urine Na+ , Urine osmolality

277. Muscles related to eustachian tube - Tensor veli palatini, Levator veli palatini and Salpingopharyngeus.

278. Brain cells sensitivity to hypoxia :Neurons > Oligodendrocytes > Astrocytes > Endothelial cells
Among Neurons most sensitive are - Pyramidal cells in area CA1 of hippocampus - known as Sommer's sector.

279. Stratosphere sign on M - mode ultrasound - suggests Pneumothorax.

280. Killian’s dehiscence (also known as gateway of tears) - Between thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus.

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MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel

Radiology Quiz 1

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ANSWERS :

Both are distal radius fractures
A - Colles fracture (with dorsal angulation)
B - Smith fracture (with palmar angulation)

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MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel

Medical One Liners 261 - 270

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261. Puff of smoke sign is seen in Moya moya disease.

262. Onodi cells are sphenoethmoidal air cells and are in close relation to optic nerve (usually) or internal carotid artery (less commonly)

263. Haller cells are maxilloethmoidal air cells that may be in close relation to infra-orbital nerve.

264. Hepatoportoenterostomy, or Kasai portoenterostomy is a surgical treatment performed on infants with biliary atresia to allow for bile drainage.

265. Denis Browne operation is used for surgical repair of hypospadias.

266. Corpora arenacea - Pineal gland
        Corpora amylacea - Prostate gland

267. Crypts of Leiberkuhn and Brunner’s glands are seen in Duodenum.

268. Anorectal ring is formed by  – Puborectalis, Internal anal sphincter and Deep external anal sphincter. (Mnemonic PID or DIP )

269. Gantzer's muscles - accessory heads of flexor pollicis longus and flexor digitorum profundus.

270. Last carpal bone to ossify is pisiform.

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MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel